1. (2025·陕西)计算 $2a^{2}·ab$ 的结果为(
A.$4a^{2}b$
B.$4a^{3}b$
C.$2a^{2}b$
D.$2a^{3}b$
D
)A.$4a^{2}b$
B.$4a^{3}b$
C.$2a^{2}b$
D.$2a^{3}b$
答案:1. D
解析:
$2a^{2}·ab = 2×a^{2}×a×b = 2a^{3}b$,答案选D。
2. (2024·长春)下列运算一定正确的是(
A.$2a·3a = 6a$
B.$a^{2}·a^{3} = a^{6}$
C.$(ab)^{2} = a^{2}b^{2}$
D.$(a^{3})^{2} = a^{5}$
C
)A.$2a·3a = 6a$
B.$a^{2}·a^{3} = a^{6}$
C.$(ab)^{2} = a^{2}b^{2}$
D.$(a^{3})^{2} = a^{5}$
答案:2. C
3. (2025·宿豫区期中)计算:$2a^{2}b^{2}×$ (
$ 3a $
) $= 6a^{3}b^{2}$.答案:3. $ 3a $
4. 计算:
(1) $-3a^{2}·2a$;
(2) $4x^{2}y·(-3xy^{3})$;
(3) $(-8xy^{2})·(-\frac{1}{2}x)^{3}$;
(4) $5a·(-2a^{3})^{3}·\frac{1}{4}a^{2}$;
(5) $(-a^{3}b)^{2}·(-ab^{2})^{3}$;
(6) $2a^{4}·3a^{2}-(-2a^{3})^{2}$.
(1) $-3a^{2}·2a$;
(2) $4x^{2}y·(-3xy^{3})$;
(3) $(-8xy^{2})·(-\frac{1}{2}x)^{3}$;
(4) $5a·(-2a^{3})^{3}·\frac{1}{4}a^{2}$;
(5) $(-a^{3}b)^{2}·(-ab^{2})^{3}$;
(6) $2a^{4}·3a^{2}-(-2a^{3})^{2}$.
答案:4. (1) $ -6a^{3} $ (2) $ -12x^{3}y^{4} $ (3) $ x^{4}y^{2} $ (4) $ -10a^{12} $ (5) $ -a^{9}b^{8} $ (6) $ 2a^{6} $
解析:
(1) $-3a^{2}·2a=(-3×2)·(a^{2}·a)=-6a^{3}$;
(2) $4x^{2}y·(-3xy^{3})=[4×(-3)]·(x^{2}·x)·(y·y^{3})=-12x^{3}y^{4}$;
(3) $(-8xy^{2})·(-\frac{1}{2}x)^{3}=(-8xy^{2})·(-\frac{1}{8}x^{3})=[(-8)×(-\frac{1}{8})]·(x·x^{3})·y^{2}=x^{4}y^{2}$;
(4) $5a·(-2a^{3})^{3}·\frac{1}{4}a^{2}=5a·(-8a^{9})·\frac{1}{4}a^{2}=[5×(-8)×\frac{1}{4}]·(a·a^{9}·a^{2})=-10a^{12}$;
(5) $(-a^{3}b)^{2}·(-ab^{2})^{3}=a^{6}b^{2}·(-a^{3}b^{6})=-a^{9}b^{8}$;
(6) $2a^{4}·3a^{2}-(-2a^{3})^{2}=6a^{6}-4a^{6}=2a^{6}$。
(2) $4x^{2}y·(-3xy^{3})=[4×(-3)]·(x^{2}·x)·(y·y^{3})=-12x^{3}y^{4}$;
(3) $(-8xy^{2})·(-\frac{1}{2}x)^{3}=(-8xy^{2})·(-\frac{1}{8}x^{3})=[(-8)×(-\frac{1}{8})]·(x·x^{3})·y^{2}=x^{4}y^{2}$;
(4) $5a·(-2a^{3})^{3}·\frac{1}{4}a^{2}=5a·(-8a^{9})·\frac{1}{4}a^{2}=[5×(-8)×\frac{1}{4}]·(a·a^{9}·a^{2})=-10a^{12}$;
(5) $(-a^{3}b)^{2}·(-ab^{2})^{3}=a^{6}b^{2}·(-a^{3}b^{6})=-a^{9}b^{8}$;
(6) $2a^{4}·3a^{2}-(-2a^{3})^{2}=6a^{6}-4a^{6}=2a^{6}$。
5. (2025·如东期末)下列计算正确的是(
A.$3x^{3}·(-2x^{2}) = 5x^{5}$
B.$3x^{3}·4x^{3} = 12x^{3}$
C.$3x^{3}·4x^{3} = 12x^{9}$
D.$3x^{2}·(-2x^{3}y)^{2} = 12x^{8}y^{2}$
D
)A.$3x^{3}·(-2x^{2}) = 5x^{5}$
B.$3x^{3}·4x^{3} = 12x^{3}$
C.$3x^{3}·4x^{3} = 12x^{9}$
D.$3x^{2}·(-2x^{3}y)^{2} = 12x^{8}y^{2}$
答案:5. D
解析:
A.$3x^{3}·(-2x^{2})=-6x^{5}$,故A错误;
B.$3x^{3}·4x^{3}=12x^{6}$,故B错误;
C.$3x^{3}·4x^{3}=12x^{6}$,故C错误;
D.$3x^{2}·(-2x^{3}y)^{2}=3x^{2}·4x^{6}y^{2}=12x^{8}y^{2}$,故D正确。
答案:D
B.$3x^{3}·4x^{3}=12x^{6}$,故B错误;
C.$3x^{3}·4x^{3}=12x^{6}$,故C错误;
D.$3x^{2}·(-2x^{3}y)^{2}=3x^{2}·4x^{6}y^{2}=12x^{8}y^{2}$,故D正确。
答案:D
6. 化简$[-2(x - y)]^{4}·[\frac{1}{2}(y - x)]^{2}$的结果是(
A.$\frac{1}{2}(x - y)^{6}$
B.$2(x - y)^{6}$
C.$(x - y)^{6}$
D.$4(x - y)^{6}$
D
)A.$\frac{1}{2}(x - y)^{6}$
B.$2(x - y)^{6}$
C.$(x - y)^{6}$
D.$4(x - y)^{6}$
答案:6. D
解析:
$\begin{aligned}&[-2(x - y)]^{4}·[\frac{1}{2}(y - x)]^{2}\\=&(-2)^4(x - y)^4·(\frac{1}{2})^2(y - x)^2\\=&16(x - y)^4·\frac{1}{4}(x - y)^2\\=&4(x - y)^6\end{aligned}$
D
D
7. (2024·秦淮区期中)已知 $a^{2}b^{3} = 3$,则代数式 $2a^{2}b^{4}·(-ab)^{2}$ 的值为
18
.答案:7. 18
解析:
$2a^{2}b^{4}·(-ab)^{2}$
$=2a^{2}b^{4}·a^{2}b^{2}$
$=2a^{4}b^{6}$
$=2(a^{2}b^{3})^{2}$
因为$a^{2}b^{3}=3$,所以原式$=2×3^{2}=2×9=18$
$=2a^{2}b^{4}·a^{2}b^{2}$
$=2a^{4}b^{6}$
$=2(a^{2}b^{3})^{2}$
因为$a^{2}b^{3}=3$,所以原式$=2×3^{2}=2×9=18$
8. (2024·江都区期中)计算:$x·2x^{3}-(-2x^{2})^{2}-x^{6}÷x^{2}=$
$ -3x^{4} $
.答案:8. $ -3x^{4} $
解析:
$x·2x^{3}-(-2x^{2})^{2}-x^{6}÷x^{2}$
$=2x^{4}-4x^{4}-x^{4}$
$=-3x^{4}$
$=2x^{4}-4x^{4}-x^{4}$
$=-3x^{4}$